CONTENTS - Vol II

Chapter 8
Discernible Impact of Buddhism & Vaishnavism on Manipuri Culture - A Historiography : 383
Dr. M. Kirti Singh

1. Introduction: 383
2. Theory of Divine Kingship/Lainingthou: 384
3. Death Status of A Ruler: 385
4. Manipur on the Silk Route: 386
5. Theory of Absence of Buddhism in Ancient Manipur_A Criticism: 389
6. Buddhist Influence on Manipur Valley's Life & Culture: 390
7. Influence on The Vishnu Temple of Lamangdong: 391
8. Influence on Manipuri Literature: 391
9. Position of Ramandi & Its Influence: 391
10. Failure of Buddhism & Ramandi Movements: 392
11. Ascent of Gaudiya Vaishnavism: 393
12. Success of Bengal Vaishnavism In Manipur: 394
13. Impact of Neo-Vaishnavism: 396
14. Development of Manipuri Style of Dancing & Other Plastic Arts: 397
15. Hare Krishna Movement in Manipur: 399
16. Indian Cultural Expansion Vs. Local Autonomy: 400
17. Position of Manipur During World War II & Thereafter: 402
18. Conclusion: 403

References, Further References & Notes:
References: 404
Notes:
1. Accessibility of Manipur from both Occident & Orient: 405
2. The Process of Cultural Transformation in South Asia: 407
3. Eastern Spirituality &Western Enlightenment 409
4. Sanskritization of Manipur: 410
5. Buddhism & Hinduism_`Branches of the same Tree' 416
6. Metamorphosis of Buddhism: 419
7. Ancient Silk Road as Buddhist Yana: 421
8. Present Status of Buddhism In China: 424
9. Glossary of Buddhist Terms: 426-31
10.Brahmanical Order:

Tables:
Table 8.1: The Permitted Five: Religions In China 426

Chapter 9
Similarities Between Sanamahi & Vaishnavism: 433
B. Kulachandra Sharma

1. Introduction: 433
2. Some Basic Definitions: 434
3. The Religious Facets of the Manipuri Nationhood: 435
4. Emergence & Spread of Religious Beliefs Through History: 437
5. Manipur's Religious Facets & Phases: 438
6. Pre-Hinduized Phases & Facets: 439
7. Main Features of Sanamahi: 441
8. The Hinduized Phase: 444
9. The Mode & Worship of Vaishnavite Deities in Manipur: 446
10. Similarities Between Sanamahi &Vaishnavism : 447
11. The Amalgamated/Composite Religious Phase: 451
12. Conclusion: 458

References, Further References & Notes
References: 458
Notes:
1. Evidence of Animism in Manipur but with a Difference: 460
2. Evidence of Ancestor Worship still common: 461
3. The Cult of Spirit Worship: 461
4. Evidence of Pakhangba Worship: 462 5. Sanamahi as State Religion: 462
6. Interpretation of Manipur Sana Leibak in Terms Of Ahong-Achao: 467
7. Accidents of Manipur History 467

Tables:
9-1: Comparable Incarnations of Meitei Sanamahi & Hinduism: 449
9-2: Comparable Deities in Sanamahi &Vaishnavite Hierarchies: 457
9-3: Important Religious & Other Events in Royal Manipur Genealogy: 469-76

Chapter 10
The Synthesizing Role of The I.N.A. Martyrs' Memorial: Moirang & The Indo-Japanese Peace Cenotaph: Lotpaching Red Hills): 477
Manindra Singh Mairembam

1. Pivotal Role of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose: 477
2. Manipur in the Freedom Struggle: 481
3. 'OPERATION_U': The Imphal Campaign: 485
4. Battle of Lotpaching or The Red-Hill (R.K.2926): 489
5. Last Bid in `The Imphal Campaign': 491
6. Netaji's own Assessment of `The Imphal Campaign': 495
7. Unique Place of `Imphal' in The Freedom Struggle: 497
8. Emergence of The INA-Martyrs' Memorial Complex, Moirang: 500
9. Inception of The `Indo-Japanese Peace Cenotaph': 502
10. International Significance of The Indo-Japanese Peace Cenotaph: 503
11. Freedom-Fighters Enshrined in The INA Memorial Complex: 505

References & Notes:
References & Further References: 513
Notes:
1. Synthesizing Role of History: 514
2. Military Significance of Burma: 514
3. Genesis of The Freedom Struggle_National Spectrum: 515
4. Attitude of Southeast Asian Nations Against Colonization: 515
5. Genesis of The Freedom Struggle_Since 1904 In Manipur: 516
6. Mahatma Gandhi & Rabindranath Tagore on Netaji : 517

Tables:
10-1: Estimated Loss of Japanese Soldiers In The Imphal Campaign: 491
10-2: Contributor-Governments: Construction of The INA Complex: 506
10-3: Districtwise List of Freedom Fighters: Manipur: 507-12
10.4: Trade between India and Southeast Asian Nations.
10-5 Towns on Stilwell Road (in Kms)

Appendix:
Highlights of The Freedom Struggle & The Imphal Campaign: 518-27

Chapter 11
Economic History of Manipur During The British Raj :
H. Dwijasekhar Sharma & A. Brajakumar Sharma 529

1. A New Outline of Economic History of Manipur: 529
2. Secular History of Manipur Economy During British Period: 531
3. The Native Administrative System Prior To British Advent: 532
4. Pre-1891 British Presence in Manipur: 540
5. British Annexation of Manipur In 1891: 541
6. External Vs. Internal Frames of Analyses: 543
7. Hills & Plains_The `Disjointed Partners': 546
8. British Economic Policy: 547
9. Administrative Reforms in The British Period 552
10. Pluralistic Economy of Manipur: 557
11. Analysis of Agricultural Growth in Manipur: 558
12. Findings: 564

References, Further References & Notes :
References: 566
Notes:
1. Growth Estimator: 567
2. Pound-Sterling Equivalence of British Indian Rupee: 567
3. Working of Lallup: 568
4. Ancient Manipuri Numismatic Coinage System: 570
5. Economic History as Historiography of Homo Economicus: 574
6. The Farm Price & Income Tangle: 575
7. The Economic Efficiency of Resource Use: 580
8. Hla Myint's `Vent-For-Surplus' Model: 584
9. Rice-Price Based Women's Upheaval (Nupilal) In Manipur 587
10. Boeke's `Economic Dualism' vs. Geertz's ` Agricultural Involution': 589
11. British Effort at Setting Up Silk Industry in Manipur : 592
12. Enactment of the Manipur State Constitution Act, 1947: 596

Tables:
11-1: Population of Manipur (1881): By Occupation & Industry: 534
11-2: Population of Manipur (1881): By Religion: 534
11-3: Population of Manipur (1881): By Language: 534 11-4: Population of Manipur (1881): By Ethnicity: 535
11-5: Growth of Population,Rice-Export&Rice-Prices:Manipur(1901-2001):560
11-6: Estimates of Land-Use, Yield & Rice-Output: Manipur (1911-41): 562
11-7: Paddy Prices From Early 18th Century upto late 19th Century: 571 11-8: Rupee-Parity of Manipuri Coinage Nomenclatures: 572
11-9: Prices of Certain Farm Products: Manipur (1911-19): 601
11-10: Rice Exports: 1937-42 : 606
11-11: State Trading in Foodgrains: Opening/Closing Balance: 1961-62 607
11-12: Indices of Socio-Economic Indicators: Manipur (1901-2001): 609
11:13: Comparative Changes in Population, Acreage & Rice-Export: Manipur 1901-2001 644

Diagrams:
I.Growth of Population, Rice-Export & Rice-Price (1901-2001): 561
II.Variance of Real Income From Expected Income: 591

Appendices:
I. Inauguration of The First Manipur State Assembly (October 15,1948): Proclamation of His Highness Maharaja Bodhachandra: 597

II. Notes on Price and Related Records:
1. Prices of Farm Products: 601
2. Farm Output at Close of the 19th Century: 601
3. First Wave of Immigration: 602
4. Kohima-Manipur Cart Road: 602
5. Associated Farm Outturn & Price: 602
6. Self-Sufficiency in Salt-Brinery Output: 603
7. Impact of W.War I on Rice Export: 604
8. Impact of Flood on Rice-Price (1919): 604
9. Low Farm Wage: 604
10. Rice Export (1937-38): 605
11. Inflation (1941-44): 605
12. Anti-Inflationary Measures During W.War II: 606

III:Socio-Economic Growth: Manipur (1901-2001): 608

IV. Important Events During The British Period of Manipur History: 614